Environmental Peacebuilding Association

Conflict Causes

National Interdiciplinary Climate Risk Assessment

2025
Metis Institute for Strategy and Foresight

This National Interdisciplinary Climate Risk Assessment outlines the risks to Germany’s national security resulting from climate change up until 2040. In accordance with the National…

Environmental Vulnerability and Conflict Occurrence Are Tightly Related

2025 | Nature Communications Earth and Environment
Richard Marcantonio and Sean Field

Conflict and environmental risks are simultaneously on the rise globally, and these two phenomena often interact both in cause and consequence. Findings from recent studies…

Gold and the War in Sudan

2025 | Chatham House
Ahmed Soliman and Suliman Baldo

The gold trade connects Sudan’s civil war to the wider region and highlights the roles that commodities play in perpetuating violent conflict. Even before the…

Water as a Driver of Conflict [Audio]

2025 | Center for Strategic and International Studies
David Michel

Blessed by several major rivers and ample rainfall, Myanmar holds vast hydropower potential. But many key hydropower sites are claimed by ethnic separatist groups in…

Are Wolves the Real Problem? Challenges Faced by Livestock Farmers Living Alongside Wolves in Northwestern Greece

2025 | Sustainability
Maria Petridou and Vassiliki Kati

Mitigating human–wolf conflict is crucial, yet conventional approaches often overlook the broader socioeconomic challenges faced by farming communities. Wolves frequently become scapegoats for deeper rooted…

Peacebuilding Perspectives and Herder-Farmer Conflicts in Africa (chapter in "Herder-Farmer Conflicts in Africa")

2025 | Palgrave Macmillan
J. Shola Omotola

This chapter proposes a peacebuilding approach to the management of herder-farmer conflicts in Africa. Specifically, the chapter reflects on the contending perspectives on peacebuilding, notably…

From Climate Conflicts to Environmental Peacebuilding: Exploring Local Dimensions

2025 | Environment and Security
Jan Sändig, Natalia Dalmer, Tobias Ide, and Anselm Vogler

Environmental change and armed conflict are major challenges of the 21st century. Meanwhile, scholars and practitioners increasingly recognize the environment and natural resources as not…

Hidden Depths — Introduction: Water Conflict and Cooperation [Video]

2025 | Center for Strategic and International Studies
Doug Weir, Iryna Babanina, and Peter Gleick

In June 2023, Russian troops deliberately destroyed the Kakhovka dam in southeast Ukraine, highlighting an alarming trend: Water resources are facing increasing pressure from armed…

Pastoralism and Women’s Role in Food Security in the Ethiopian Somali Region

2025 | Humanities and Social Sciences Communications
Francesco Zecca and Saima Saima

Pastoralism has a significant role in food security for ages particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where elevated levels of food insecurity persist. The main aim of…

The (New) M23 Offensive on Goma: Why This Long-Lasting Conflict Is Not Only about Minerals and What Are Its Implications? – Q&A

2025 | International Peace Information Service

The rapid advance of M23 — supported by the Rwandan military (RDF) — in North Kivu has taken most of us by surprise over the…

Beyond Apocalypse: Securitization and Exceptionalism in Environmental Politics

2025 | E-International Relations
Yifei Shao

Environmental issues are frequently depicted as a significant security risk and an apocalyptic catastrophe, threatening all life on Earth. The nascent discourse of a ‘climate…

Cultivating Common Ground on Climate, Peace and Security

2025 | Peace and Security Council Report

The 774th meeting of the Peace and Security Council (PSC) in 2018 discussed the link between climate change as a ‘threat multiplier’ and conflicts in…

Natural Resource Dependence and War Nexus: New Insights

2025 | Defence and Peace Economics
Farah al Shami, Mahmoud Arayssi, Walid Marrouch, and Nagham Sayour

This paper examines the channels through which resource dependence affects the probability of war. The authors consider all types of war within a worldwide panel…

Peace, Propaganda, and Natural Resources: The Geoeconomics of Rwandan Peacekeeping in Mozambique and Implications for European and African Regionalism Projects

2023 | Peace Review
Kaitlyn Rabe

Since the end of the genocide in Rwanda, the small nation has solidified its reputation as an economic powerhouse among African countries, as well as…

Biodiversity, Peace and Conflict: Understanding the Connections

2024 | Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability
Lucy Rist, Albert Norstrom, and Cibele Queiroz

Trajectories of human conflict have direct and indirect impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem function. These occur across terrestrial, marine and freshwater systems via the well-established drivers…

Twelve Research Agendas for Advancing the Peace-Sustainability Nexus

2025 | Peace and Sustainability
Dahlia Simangan, Joshua Fisher, Tobias Ide, Vally Koubi, Ayyoob Sharifi, Katherine Alfredo, John Lee Candelaria, Simon Dalby, Cullen Hendrix, Ali Kharrazi, Úrsula Oswald-Spring, and Joyashree Roy

The world's social and environmental systems are currently experiencing an increase in the number of conflicts and irreversible human-induced changes. While destabilizing, these changes offer…

Environmental Displacement and Political Instability: Evidence from Africa

2024 | Journal of Peace Research
Angela Chesler

Does environmental displacement provoke political instability? Though migration has long been considered an intermediary in the causal path between environmental change and political upheaval, the…

Transforming Environmental Peacebuilding: Addressing Extractivism in Building Climate Resilient Peace

2024 | Ecology and Society
Barbara Magalhaes Teixeira and Christie J. Nicoson

The authors examined the role of anti-extractivism as environmental peacebuilding through a conflict transformation framework. Environmental peacebuilding aims to foster peace through addressing environmental issues…

Climate-Change-Driven Conflict: Insights from North Wollo, Northeast Ethiopia

2024 | Sustainable Environment
Amare Sewnet Minale, Zelalem Yekoye Alemayehu, and Achamyeleh Gashu Adam

Climate change is one of the most pressing issues among the current environmental problems and it affects the livelihood of the community by creating scarcity…

Crops, Conflict and Climate Change

2025 | World Bank Group

This paper studies the welfare impacts of agricultural shocks on households with detailed heterogeneity, by taking consumption, land, and labor allocation choices into account. The…

The Prioritisation of Climate Security: A Content Analysis of National Security Agendas

2024 | Environment and Security
Trine Marielle Wik and Andrew W. Neal

Climate change is leading to severe environmental degradation and ecological breakdown. We are on a path towards 2°C to 3°C warming above pre-industrial levels, yet…

You’re Not Welcome! Violence and Support for an Open Grazing Ban Policy in Kaduna, Nigeria

2024 | Environment and Security
Daniel Tuki

This study examines the effect of victimization and religious affiliation on support for a policy banning the open grazing of livestock in the northern Nigerian…

Geopolitical Ecology: Climate Change Geopolitics and Farmer–Herder Conflicts in West Africa

2024 | Environment and Security
Cletus Famous Nwankwo

Climate change impacts various social systems and has been linked to conflicts, especially resource conflicts in dry and semi-dry lands of West Africa. Climate change…

Conflicts over Harnessing of Diamond Resources in Marange Communal Area, Eastern Zimbabwe, 2006–2015 (chapter in "Natural Resource-Based Conflicts in Rural Zimbabwe")

2024 | Taylor & Francis
Mathew Ruguwa

This chapter examines local-level conflicts over the exploitation of diamond resources in the Marange communal area of eastern Zimbabwe during the period from 2006 to…

Indigenous Peacebuilding and Environmental Restorative Justice (chapter in "Ecological Integrity and International Law: Peace, Public Health, and Global Security")

2025 | Routledge
Giada Giacomini

This chapter explores the interconnection between Indigenous peoples peacebuilding processes and environmental restorative justice. Environmental restorative justice challenges anthropological conceptualization of peacebuilding processes by considering…