Governance


International Law Protecting the Environment during Armed Conflict: Gaps and Opportunities

2010 | Michael Bothe, Carl Bruch, Jordan Diamond, and David Jensen (ICRC)

There are three key deficiencies in the existing body of international humanitarian law (IHL) relating to protection of the environment during armed conflict. First, the…


Environmental Governance in Sudan – An Expert Review

2012 | Yagoub Abdalla Mohamed and Omer Egemi (UNEP)

Equitable and sustainable management of natural resources and of the wealth derived from their use and utilisation is essentially a function of good environmental governance.…


Equity in Extractives

2013 | Africa Progress Panel

Africa’s economies have been riding the crest of a global commodity wave that could transform the continent’s prospects. The 2013 Africa Progress Report explains how…


The Plundered Planet: Why We Must--and How We Can--Manage Nature for Global Prosperity

2010 | Paul Collier

Proper stewardship of natural assets and liabilities is a matter of planetary urgency: natural resources have the potential either to transform the poorest countries or…


Natural Riches? Perspectives on Responsible Natural Resource Management in Conflict-Affected Countries

2013 | WEF

To meet growing global demand, natural resources are under increasing pressure. New sources have entered global markets – many of them in developing or emerging…


Natural Resources and Violent Conflict: Options and Actions

2003 | Ian Bannon and Paul Collier (World Bank)

Violent conflict can spell catastrophe for developing countries and their neighbors, stunting and even reversing the course of economic growth. Recent World Bank research on…


Resources for Peace? Managing Revenues from Extractive Industries in Post-Conflict Environments

2008 | Philippe Le Billon

In the wake of violent conflict, a key element of building a durable peace is building a state with the ability to collect and manage…


Land and Conflict Prevention

2011 | John W. Bruce with Sally Holt (Initiative for Quiet Diplomacy)

Conflicts over land are not always the precursor to violence. Indeed they can be a positive force for catalytic change—when access is provided for the…


Income Sharing from Natural Resources

2010 | CCDP
Achim Wennmann

The presence of natural resources in conflict zones has been an influential aspect of many armed conflicts. Natural resources have shaped belligerents’ objectives for using…


Negotiating Natural Resources for Peace: Ownership, Control and Wealth-sharing

2009 | Nicholas Haysom and Sean Kane (Center for Humanitarian Dialogue)

Natural resources (such as oil, natural gas, diamonds, minerals, forests and water) are often a major source of national income, and are also a major…


Sudan: Post-Conflict Environmental Assessment

2007 | UNEP

"In January 2005, the Sudanese Government and the Sudan People’s Liberation Army signed a Comprehensive Peace Agreement, putting an end to twenty-two years of continuous…


Sierra Leone: Environment, Conflict and Peacebuilding Assessment

2010 | UNEP

“In Sierra Leone, the environmental causes and consequences of war have been prominent for the past 20 years. Inequitable benefits-sharing of natural resource wealth was…


Rwanda: From Post-Conflict to Environmentally Sustainable Development

2011 | UNEP

“More than a decade after the war and genocide of 1990-1994, Rwanda today is a resurgent nation that is stable, engaged in pursuing innovative reconciliation…


Post-Conflict Environmental Assessment – FYR of Macedonia

2000 | UNEP

“During the past ten years, Southeastern Europe has experienced upheaval and instability. Conflicts were fought, and communities divided. Many fled their homes and their countries…


Post-Conflict Environmental Assessment – Albania

2000 | UNEP

“In the aftermath of conflict lie opportunities for regeneration. During the past ten years, South Eastern Europe has experiences upheaval and instability. Conflicts were fought,…


Natural Resource Management and Peacebuilding in Afghanistan

2013 | UNEP

“This report investigates the ways in which the management of land, water, minerals, forests and drugs are linked to instability and insecurity in Afghanistan. Its…


Desk Study on the Environment in Liberia

2004 | UNEP

“In Liberia, direct linkages are apparent between environment and security, as well as between environment and development. Poor management and overexploitation of Liberia’s natural resources…