Data and Technologies

There are 130 resources related to Data and Technologies.


Third Security and Development Dialogue on Environmental Crime: Advancing Multilateral and Multi-stakeholder Responses

2025 | Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime

This international conference was convened in recognition of environmental crimes as threat multipliers to an increasingly fractured and vulnerable planet. They pose threats to not…


EnPAx Icon Using Strata: A Geospatial Tool for Integrated Analysis and Environmental Peacebuilding [Video]

2024 | UNEP, FAO, and Environmental Peacebuilding Association

UNEP and FAO are proud to present the latest version of Strata: a geospatial data platform that identifies and tracks where environmental, climate, and security…


A Rapid Environmental Risk Assessment of the Kakhovka Dam Breach during the Ukraine Conflict

2024 | Nature Ecology & Evolution
Bryan M. Spears, Quillon Harpham, Emma Brown, Catherine L. Barnett, Louise Barwell, Marta Roca Collell, Mark Davison, Harry Dixon, J. Alex Elliott, Angus Garbutt, Caroline Hazlewood, Barabara Hofmann, James Lanyon, Stephen Lofts, Colin MacKechnie, Sergiy

Assessing habitat and biodiversity loss in active conflict zones is a major challenge1. Independent scientific evidence on wartime impacts is essential to inform the environmental…


Catalogue of Nature-Based Solutions for Peace

2024 | PAX and UNEP

As the connections between environmental degradation and conflict become increasingly clear, the potential of nature in peacebuilding is more significant than ever.  This catalog of Nature-based…


EnPAx Icon Digital Technologies for Environmental Peacebuilding: Horizon Scanning of Opportunities & Risks

2024 | UNEP and EnPAx
Albert Martinez Sequero, Asim Zia, Carl Bruch, David Jensen, and Silja Halle, with Theresa Dearden, Benjamin Dills, Mirza Sadaqat Huda, Richard A. Matthew, Samantha Murphy, Shanna McClain, Albert Martinez Sequero, Panagiotis Oikonomou, Alejandro Martín

This report specifically delves into how digital technologies can be harnessed to manage environmental and natural resource risks that contribute to insecurity and social conflict,…


Assessing Damage to Agricultural Fields from Military Actions in Ukraine: An Integrated Approach Using Statistical Indicators and Machine Learning

2023 | International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Nataliia Kussul, Sofiia Drozd, Hanna Yailymova, Andril Shelestov, Guido Lemoine, and Klaus Deininger

The ongoing full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine has led to widespread damage of agricultural lands, jeopardizing global food security. Timely detection of impacted fields enables…


Ukraine Conflict Environmental Briefing: Nature

2024 | Conflict and Environment Observatory and Zoï Environment Network

The scale and intensity of the conflict in Ukraine has resulted in widespread and locally severe damage to some of its most ecologically important areas,…


Artificial Intelligence for Climate Security: Possibilities and Challenges

2023 | Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
Kyungmee Kim and Vincent Boulanin

Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI)—largely based on machine learning—offer possibilities for addressing climate-related security risks. AI can, for example, be used for developing disaster…


Afghanistan Drought Early Warning Decision Support (AF-DEWS) Tool

2023 | International Water Management Institute
Giriraj Amarnath, Surajit Ghosh, and Niranga Alahacoon

This report summarizes the development of the Afghanistan Drought Early Warning Decision Support (AF-DEWS) Tool, a cloud-based online platform with near real-time information on drought…


Toward the Remote Monitoring of Armed Conflicts

2023 | PNAS Nexus
Valerie Sticher, Jan D. Wegner, and Birke Pfeifle

The war in Ukraine has pushed the role of satellite imagery in armed conflicts into the spotlight. For a long time, satellite images were primarily…


Knowledge Gaps in the Nexus of Climate, Peace and Security

2023 | Cairo International Center for Conflict Resolution, Peacekeeping & Peacebuilding
Thor Olav Iversen and Fareeda Khalifa

There is a growing body of research on the relationship between climate change and peace and security. Research shows that the effects of climate change…


Using Machine Learning and Remote Sensing to Track Land Use/Land Cover Changes Due to Armed Conflict

2023 | Science of The Total Environment
Saeed Mhanna, Landon J.S. Halloran, François Zwahlen, Ahmed Haj Asaad, and Philip Brunner

Armed conflicts have detrimental impacts on the environment, including land systems. The prevailing understanding of the relation between Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) and armed conflict…


Artificial Intelligence for Climate Security: Possibilities and Challenges

2023 | SIPRI
Kyungmee Kim and Vincent Boulanin

Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI)—largely based on machine learning—offer possibilities for addressing climate-related security risks. AI can, for example, be used for developing disaster…


Blockchain for Environmental Peacebuilding: Application in Water Management

2023 | Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance
Fariz Huseynov and Jeanene Mitchell

The purpose of this paper is to spur further exploration of blockchain technologies for environmental peacebuilding, specifically through water management. Although the environmental peacebuilding field…


Climate Change and Fragility: Improving Early Warning and Climate-Proofing Development and Conflict Interventions (chapter in "Handbook of Fragile States")

2023 | Elgar Handbooks in Political Science
Erin Sikorsky, Francesco Femia, and Brigitte Hugh

Climate change knows no political boundaries, yet political boundaries shape much of the response (or lack of response) to that change. In recent years, rapid…


Aqueduct: Using Cutting-Edge Data to Identify and Evaluate Water Risks around the World

2023 | World Resources Institute

Water risks are an urgent global challenge. Most public health crises are already driven by water, including floods, droughts and water-borne diseases. Climate change is…


War and Deforestation: Using Remote Sensing and Machine Learning to Identify the War-Induced Deforestation in Syria 2010–2019

2023 | Land
Angham Daiyoub, Pere Gelabert, Sandra Saura-Mas, and Cristina Vega-Garcia

Armed conflicts and other types of violence are key drivers of human-induced landscape change. Since March 2011, Syria has been embroiled in a prolonged and…


The Power of Real-World Qualitative Assessments for Addressing Climate Security Risks

2023 | Climate Diplomacy
Hector Morales-Munoz

Qualitative research can uncover hidden drivers and connectors, reveal unintended consequences, and generate contextualised and actionable knowledge by delving into the lived experiences, perceptions, values,…


Military Responses to Climate Hazards (MiRCH) Tracker

2023 | Center for Climate and Security, Council on Strategic Risks

This map is based on a dataset regularly updated by CCS staff, based on publicly available information, tracking the date, location, actors, and circumstances of…


Toxic Floods? Climate, Natural Hazards and Risks to South Sudan’s Oil Infrastructure

2023 | PAX
Wim Zwijnenburg, Roberto Jaramillo Vasquez, and Jannis Hoch

The discovery and subsequent exploitation of oil fields in South Sudan has brought the country both wealth and woes. Armed conflicts and civil wars fought over…


Land Use and Land Cover Change Detection and Prediction in the Kathmandu District of Nepal Using Remote Sensing and GIS

2020 | Sustainability Journal
Sonam W. Wang, Belay M. Gebru, Munkhnasan Lamchin, Rijan B. Kayastha, and Woo-Kyun Lee

Understanding land use and land cover changes has become a necessity in managing and monitoring natural resources and development especially urban planning. Remote sensing and…


Indexing Climatic and Environmental Exposure of Refugee Camps with a Case Study in East Africa

2023 | Nature Scientific Reports
Michael Owen, Andrew Kruczkiewicz, and Jamon Van Den Hoek

This study presents a novel approach to systematically measure climatic and environmental exposure in refugee camps using remote sensing and geospatial data. Using a case…


Traveling Virtually to the Pacific - The UN Uses Virtual Reality for Advocacy on Climate Security [Video]

2022 | UN Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs

Together with the Government of Japan, the UN Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs (UN DPPA) developed a Virtual Reality (VR) experience on climate change…


Modelling Armed Conflict Risk under Climate Change with Machine Learning and Time-Series Data

2022 | Nature Communications
Quansheng Ge, Mengmeng Hao, Fangyu Ding, Dong Jiang, Jürgen Scheffran, David Helman, and Tobias Ide

Understanding the risk of armed conflict is essential for promoting peace. Although the relationship between climate variability and armed conflict has been studied by the…


Projecting Long-Term Armed Conflict Risk: An Underappreciated Field of Inquiry?

2022 | Global Environmental Change
Sophie P. de Bruin, Jannis M. Hoch, Nina von Uexkull, Halvard Buhaug, Jolle Demmers, Hans Visser, and Niko Wanders

Little research has been done on projecting long-term conflict risks. Such projections are currently neither included in the development of socioeconomic scenarios or climate change…


Housing, Land and Property as War-Financing Commodities: A Typology with Lessons from Darfur, Colombia, and Syria

2022 | Stability: International Journal of Security and Development
Jon Unruh

The ongoing use of landscape-based conflict commodities -- diamonds and other minerals, timber, wildlife, etc. -- to finance wars continues to evolve. The success with…


The Impact of Conflict-Driven Cropland Abandonment on Food Insecurity in South Sudan Revealed Using Satellite Remote Sensing

2021 | Nature Food
Victor Mackenhauer Olsen, Rasmus Fensholt, Pontus Olofsson, Rogerio Bonifacio, Van Butsic, Daniel Druce, Deepak Ray, and Alexander V. Prishchepov

Armed conflicts often hinder food security through cropland abandonment and restrict the collection of on-the-ground information required for targeted relief distribution. Satellite remote sensing provides…


EnPAx Icon Conference Report for the First International Conference on Environmental Peacebuilding

2019 | Environmental Peacebuilding Association

From October 23-25, 2019, more than 250 scholars, practitioners, decisionmakers, and students from 40 countries came together for the First International Conference on Environmental Peacebuilding.…


Understanding the Nexus of Energy, Environment and Conflict: An Overview

2021 | Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Samuel W. Kerber, Alexander Q. Gilbert, Mark R. Deinert, and Morgan D. Bazilian

Energy, environment, and conflict are each the subject of significant research efforts. However, their nexus has received relatively little attention, and even less when climatic…


War, Waste and Polluted Pastures

2021 | PAX
Wim Zwijnenburg, Noor Nahas, and Roberto J. Vasquez

The environment in north-east Syria has faced serious challenges since the outbreak of the peaceful revolution ten years ago. The ensuing violence by the Syrian…