The Hydraulic Hegemon: India’s Weaponization of Transboundary Rivers


Publisher: E-International Relations

Author(s): Md Tariqul Islam Tanvir and Shafi Md Mostofa

Date: 2025

Topics: Conflict Causes, Governance, Renewable Resources

Countries: Bangladesh, India

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Bangladesh’s push for a longer, more predictable Ganges Water Treaty has brought India’s upstream tactics back into sharp focus. In a region where water scarcity and climate stress are escalating, control over transboundary rivers is no longer just a matter of resource management—it’s a lever of geopolitical influence. The recent experiences of Bangladesh and Pakistan reveal how India’s hydrological dominance can be used to sideline treaty norms, assert territorial claims, and reshape regional diplomacy. What were once shared lifelines are now contested flows in South Asia’s shifting power dynamics. That said, citing the April 22 attack on tourists in Indian-administered Kashmir as sustained cross-border terrorism by Pakistan, India suspended a 65-year-old water-sharing treaty between the two countries.